The Granada Massacre
In 1066 CE, a rebellion of Arabs and Berbers ended with the crucifixion of Joseph ibn Naghdela and with the massacre of 4000 Jews. This event, called the Granada Massacre, marked the beginning of the end of the golden age of Spanish Jewery (tenth, eleventh, and twelfth centuries), the happiest and most fruitful period in medieval Hebrew history. It all started in 711 CE when Moors and Arabs invaded the peninsula—with the Jews helping them at every turn. This conquest and the opportunities that came with it, prevented the zero-sum-game that was prevalent in most other regions where Jews tried to settle, and allowed them to spread into every field of agriculture, industry, finance, and the professions. They even rose to positions of high office. Some, like Joseph's father, won the approval of the Caliphs and their councils—becoming the only Jew to ever hold the office of vizier in a Muslim state. Joseph served the king almost as ably as his father had done, but not with the modest tact that reconciled a population half Moorish to be ruled by a Jew. He took all power in his hands, dressed as royally as the king and laughed at the Quran. With his fall and the massacre that ensued, the remaining Jews were compelled to sell their lands and emigrate. Twenty years later the Almoravids came from Africa, aflame with orthodoxy; and the long honeymoon of Spanish Muslims and Jews was ended
Source: Durant, Will. The Story of Civilization, Vol. 4: The Age of Faith, A History of Medieval Civilization, Christian, Islamic, and Judaic, From Constantine to Dante, A.D. 325-1300. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1950.
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Full disclosure, I may occasionally borrow a sentence from Will Durant's Story of Civilization. I absolutely love that collection!