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Second Punic War

In 219 BCE Hannibal besieged Saguntum because her army was molesting tribes friendly to him. Despite Saguntum having an illegitimate government, Rome demanded Hannibal lift the siege. He didn't, and the second Punic war started. From Sagantum (Spain), Hannibal pushed towards Italy relentlessly—with his famous army of elephants—but by 205 BCE Hannibal got cornered, returned to Carthage and regrouped. He later met Scipio Africanus in Zama (202 BCE) and was defeated for the first time. This was the end of the Second Punic war. Carthage sued for peace and was subjected to severe taxation and restrictions that eventually triggered the Third Punic War.

Source: Durant, Will, The Story of Civilization, Vol. 3: Caesar and Christ, A History of Roman Civilization and of Christianity from Their Beginnings to A.D. 325, Simon and Schuster, 1944.

Hannibal crossing Alps Heinrich Leutemann
An 1866 illustration of Hannibal and his army crossing the Alps, by Heinrich Leutemann
Public Domain

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Full disclosure, I may occasionally borrow a sentence from Will Durant's Story of Civilization. I absolutely love that collection!