Archimedes
In 212 BCE Archimedes planned the defense of Syracuse as the Romans (under Marcellus) approached the city. The Romans were so impressed by the defenses of the city—including pulleys with gigantic hooks that lifted ships in the air and smashed them against the rocks—that they thought they were opposed by a god. He died defending the city, and many anecdotes of his death have sprung up since; the most famous one in which he presumably said “Noli turbare circulos meos!” (Latin for “Do not disturb my circles!”). Archimedes was also known for the principle bearing his name. He first demonstrated it when King Heron suspected a portion of the gold he had procured to make a crown was stolen and replaced by silver. Archimedes calculated the exact amount stolen using his buoyancy principle. The legend tells us that he figured it out while taking a bath, prompting him to run outside naked exclaiming Eureka! “I have found it”.
Source: Durant, Will, 1885-1981, The Life of Greece: A history of Greek government, industry, manners, morals, religion, philosophy, science, literature and art from the earliest times to the Roman conquest. Simon and Schuster, 1939.
Public Domain
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Full disclosure, I may occasionally borrow a sentence from Will Durant's Story of Civilization. I absolutely love that collection!